🎯 Apa itu Phrasal Verbs?
Phrasal Verbs adalah kombinasi verb + particle (preposition atau adverb) yang memiliki arti berbeda dari kata dasarnya. Phrasal verbs sangat umum dalam conversation dan informal English.
💡 Contoh:
Look = melihat
Look up = mencari (di kamus/internet)
Look after = merawat
Look forward to = menantikan
Satu verb bisa punya banyak arti tergantung particle-nya!
📋 2 Tipe Phrasal Verbs:
1. SEPARABLE (Bisa Dipisah)
✅ Turn off the TV.
✅ Turn the TV off.
✅ Turn it off.
❌ Turn off it. (SALAH!)
2. INSEPARABLE (Tidak Bisa Dipisah)
✅ Look after the baby.
✅ Look after her.
❌ Look the baby after. (SALAH!)
❌ Look her after. (SALAH!)
Phrasal Verbs
Kategori
Praktis
1. Daily Routine (Rutinitas Sehari-hari)
WAKE UP
= Bangun tidur
Type: Inseparable
✅ I wake up at 6 AM every day.
✅ What time did you wake up?
GET UP
= Bangun dari tempat tidur
Type: Inseparable
✅ I get up at 7 AM.
✅ Get up! You're late!
💡 Wake up = buka mata. Get up = keluar dari tempat tidur.
GET DRESSED
= Berpakaian
Type: Inseparable
✅ I get dressed quickly.
✅ She's getting dressed for the party.
GO OUT
= Keluar (untuk bersenang-senang)
Type: Inseparable
✅ Let's go out tonight.
✅ I went out with friends yesterday.
COME BACK
= Kembali
Type: Inseparable
✅ What time will you come back?
✅ I'll come back at 5 PM.
STAY UP
= Begadang
Type: Inseparable
✅ I stayed up late last night.
✅ Don't stay up too late!
LIE DOWN
= Berbaring
Type: Inseparable
✅ I need to lie down.
✅ She's lying down on the sofa.
SIT DOWN
= Duduk
Type: Inseparable
✅ Please sit down.
✅ He sat down on the chair.
STAND UP
= Berdiri
Type: Inseparable
✅ Stand up when the teacher enters.
✅ Everyone stood up to applaud.
HANG OUT
= Nongkrong
Type: Inseparable
✅ Let's hang out this weekend.
✅ I hang out with my friends every Friday.
EAT OUT
= Makan di luar
Type: Inseparable
✅ We eat out every weekend.
✅ Let's eat out tonight.
TAKE OFF
= Melepas (pakaian/sepatu)
Type: Separable
✅ Take off your shoes.
✅ Take your shoes off.
✅ Take them off.
PUT ON
= Memakai (pakaian/sepatu)
Type: Separable
✅ Put on your jacket.
✅ Put your jacket on.
✅ Put it on.
2. Work & Study (Kerja & Belajar)
LOOK UP
= Mencari (di kamus/internet)
Type: Separable
✅ Look up the word in the dictionary.
✅ Look the word up.
✅ Look it up.
WRITE DOWN
= Mencatat
Type: Separable
✅ Write down your name.
✅ Write your name down.
✅ Write it down.
HAND IN
= Mengumpulkan (tugas)
Type: Separable
✅ Hand in your homework.
✅ Hand your homework in.
✅ Hand it in.
WORK OUT
= Menyelesaikan (masalah)
Type: Separable
✅ I need to work out this problem.
✅ I need to work this problem out.
💡 Juga bisa berarti "berolahraga": I work out every day.
FIGURE OUT
= Memahami/Menemukan solusi
Type: Separable
✅ I can't figure out this question.
✅ I can't figure this question out.
FILL IN
= Mengisi (formulir)
Type: Separable
✅ Fill in the form.
✅ Fill the form in.
✅ Fill it in.
FILL OUT
= Mengisi (formulir) - sama dengan fill in
Type: Separable
✅ Fill out this application.
✅ Fill this application out.
POINT OUT
= Menunjukkan/Menyebutkan
Type: Separable
✅ He pointed out my mistake.
✅ He pointed my mistake out.
CARRY OUT
= Melaksanakan
Type: Separable
✅ We need to carry out the plan.
✅ We need to carry the plan out.
CATCH UP
= Mengejar ketinggalan
Type: Inseparable
✅ I need to catch up on my work.
✅ Let's catch up over coffee.
KEEP UP
= Mengikuti (kecepatan)
Type: Inseparable
✅ I can't keep up with the class.
✅ Keep up the good work!
SHOW UP
= Muncul/Datang
Type: Inseparable
✅ He didn't show up for the meeting.
✅ What time should I show up?
3. Relationships (Hubungan)
GET ALONG WITH
= Akur dengan
Type: Inseparable
✅ I get along with my colleagues.
✅ Do you get along with your roommate?
FALL OUT WITH
= Bertengkar dengan
Type: Inseparable
✅ I fell out with my best friend.
✅ They fell out with each other.
MAKE UP
= Berbaikan
Type: Inseparable
✅ We had a fight but we made up.
✅ They made up after the argument.
BREAK UP
= Putus (pacaran)
Type: Inseparable
✅ They broke up last month.
✅ She broke up with her boyfriend.
ASK OUT
= Mengajak kencan
Type: Separable
✅ He asked her out.
✅ I want to ask him out.
GROW UP
= Tumbuh dewasa
Type: Inseparable
✅ I grew up in Jakarta.
✅ Grow up! Stop acting like a child.
BRING UP
= Membesarkan (anak)
Type: Separable
✅ She brought up three children.
✅ She brought three children up.
💡 Juga bisa berarti "menyebutkan topik": He brought up the issue.
LOOK AFTER
= Merawat
Type: Inseparable
✅ Can you look after my cat?
✅ She looks after her grandmother.
TAKE CARE OF
= Mengurus
Type: Inseparable
✅ I'll take care of it.
✅ Take care of yourself!
COUNT ON
= Mengandalkan
Type: Inseparable
✅ You can count on me.
✅ I'm counting on you.
4. Communication (Komunikasi)
SPEAK UP
= Berbicara lebih keras
Type: Inseparable
✅ Please speak up. I can't hear you.
✅ Speak up if you have an opinion.
SHUT UP
= Diam (kasar)
Type: Inseparable
✅ Shut up! I'm trying to study.
⚠️ Ini kasar! Lebih sopan: "Be quiet" atau "Keep it down"
BRING UP
= Menyebutkan (topik)
Type: Separable
✅ Don't bring up that topic.
✅ He brought the issue up.
CALL BACK
= Menelepon kembali
Type: Separable
✅ I'll call you back later.
✅ Can you call him back?
HANG UP
= Menutup telepon
Type: Separable
✅ Don't hang up!
✅ She hung up on me.
PICK UP
= Mengangkat (telepon)
Type: Separable
✅ Pick up the phone!
✅ He didn't pick up.
GET THROUGH
= Tersambung (telepon)
Type: Inseparable
✅ I can't get through to him.
✅ The line is busy. I can't get through.
FIND OUT
= Mengetahui
Type: Separable
✅ I need to find out the truth.
✅ I found out that he lied.
MAKE UP
= Mengarang (cerita)
Type: Separable
✅ He made up an excuse.
✅ Don't make up stories!
PASS ON
= Meneruskan (pesan)
Type: Separable
✅ Can you pass on this message?
✅ I'll pass it on.
5. Movement (Pergerakan)
GET IN
= Masuk (kendaraan kecil)
Type: Inseparable
✅ Get in the car.
✅ He got in the taxi.
GET ON
= Naik (kendaraan besar)
Type: Inseparable
✅ Get on the bus.
✅ She got on the train.
GET OFF
= Turun (kendaraan)
Type: Inseparable
✅ Get off at the next stop.
✅ I got off the bus.
GET OUT
= Keluar (kendaraan)
Type: Inseparable
✅ Get out of the car.
✅ Get out! (Keluar!)
SET OFF
= Berangkat
Type: Inseparable
✅ We set off early in the morning.
✅ What time should we set off?
DROP OFF
= Mengantar
Type: Separable
✅ Can you drop me off at the station?
✅ I'll drop you off.
PICK UP
= Menjemput
Type: Separable
✅ I'll pick you up at 7.
✅ Can you pick me up?
RUN INTO
= Bertemu tidak sengaja
Type: Inseparable
✅ I ran into an old friend yesterday.
✅ Guess who I ran into!
RUN OUT OF
= Kehabisan
Type: Inseparable
✅ We ran out of milk.
✅ I'm running out of time.
COME ACROSS
= Menemukan (tidak sengaja)
Type: Inseparable
✅ I came across this old photo.
✅ She came across as very friendly.
6. Problems & Solutions (Masalah & Solusi)
GIVE UP
= Menyerah
Type: Separable/Inseparable
✅ Don't give up!
✅ I gave up smoking.
DEAL WITH
= Menangani
Type: Inseparable
✅ I'll deal with it.
✅ How do you deal with stress?
SORT OUT
= Menyelesaikan (masalah)
Type: Separable
✅ We need to sort out this problem.
✅ I'll sort it out.
COME UP WITH
= Menemukan (ide/solusi)
Type: Inseparable
✅ I came up with a solution.
✅ Can you come up with any ideas?
BREAK DOWN
= Rusak
Type: Inseparable
✅ My car broke down.
✅ The machine broke down again.
FIX UP
= Memperbaiki
Type: Separable
✅ I need to fix up my bike.
✅ He fixed the car up.
THROW AWAY
= Membuang
Type: Separable
✅ Throw away the trash.
✅ Throw it away.
CLEAN UP
= Membersihkan
Type: Separable
✅ Clean up your room!
✅ Clean it up!
TURN ON
= Menyalakan
Type: Separable
✅ Turn on the light.
✅ Turn it on.
TURN OFF
= Mematikan
Type: Separable
✅ Turn off the TV.
✅ Turn it off.
PLUG IN
= Mencolokkan
Type: Separable
✅ Plug in the charger.
✅ Plug it in.
UNPLUG
= Mencabut
Type: Separable
✅ Unplug the device.
✅ Unplug it.
7. Emotions & Feelings (Emosi & Perasaan)
CHEER UP
= Menghibur
Type: Separable
✅ Cheer up! Don't be sad.
✅ I tried to cheer her up.
CALM DOWN
= Tenang
Type: Inseparable
✅ Calm down! Everything will be okay.
✅ He needs to calm down.
FREAK OUT
= Panik
Type: Inseparable
✅ Don't freak out!
✅ I freaked out when I saw the spider.
LOOK FORWARD TO
= Menantikan
Type: Inseparable
✅ I'm looking forward to the weekend.
✅ I look forward to seeing you.
💡 "To" di sini preposition, jadi + gerund (V-ing)!
GET OVER
= Melupakan/Sembuh dari
Type: Inseparable
✅ I can't get over my ex.
✅ She got over the flu.
LET DOWN
= Mengecewakan
Type: Separable
✅ I don't want to let you down.
✅ He let me down.
SHOW OFF
= Pamer
Type: Inseparable
✅ Stop showing off!
✅ He's always showing off his car.
GIVE IN
= Menyerah/Mengalah
Type: Inseparable
✅ I finally gave in to his request.
✅ Don't give in to pressure.
HOLD ON
= Tunggu sebentar
Type: Inseparable
✅ Hold on a second!
✅ Hold on, I'm coming.
LOOK UP TO
= Mengagumi
Type: Inseparable
✅ I look up to my teacher.
✅ She looks up to her older sister.
8. General Actions (Aksi Umum)
CARRY ON
= Melanjutkan
Type: Inseparable
✅ Carry on with your work.
✅ Please carry on.
GO ON
= Melanjutkan/Terjadi
Type: Inseparable
✅ Go on, tell me more!
✅ What's going on?
PUT OFF
= Menunda
Type: Separable
✅ Don't put off your work.
✅ I put the meeting off.
TAKE OFF
= Lepas landas
Type: Inseparable
✅ The plane took off at 8 AM.
✅ We're about to take off.
CHECK IN
= Check-in (hotel/bandara)
Type: Inseparable
✅ We need to check in at 2 PM.
✅ Have you checked in yet?
CHECK OUT
= Check-out (hotel)
Type: Inseparable
✅ We checked out at 11 AM.
✅ What time do we check out?
SIGN UP
= Mendaftar
Type: Inseparable
✅ I signed up for the course.
✅ Sign up for our newsletter!
LOG IN
= Masuk (akun)
Type: Inseparable
✅ I can't log in to my account.
✅ Please log in first.
LOG OUT
= Keluar (akun)
Type: Inseparable
✅ Don't forget to log out.
✅ I logged out of my account.
BACK UP
= Mem-backup
Type: Separable
✅ Back up your files!
✅ I backed my data up.
📊 Ringkasan Phrasal Verbs
🔑 Poin Penting:
- Separable: Object bisa di tengah atau di akhir. Pronoun HARUS di tengah.
- Inseparable: Object HARUS di akhir. Tidak boleh dipisah.
- Satu verb bisa punya banyak arti tergantung particle-nya.
- Phrasal verbs sangat umum dalam conversation dan informal English.
- Hafalkan yang paling sering dipakai dalam daily life.
💡 Tips Menguasai Phrasal Verbs:
- ✅ Hafalkan 10-20 phrasal verbs paling umum dulu
- ✅ Perhatikan apakah separable atau inseparable
- ✅ Latihan membuat kalimat sendiri setiap hari
- ✅ Dengarkan native speakers dan perhatikan phrasal verbs yang mereka pakai
- ✅ Jangan terjemahkan literal! "Look up" bukan "lihat ke atas"
- ✅ Gunakan dalam conversation untuk mengingat lebih baik
⭐ Top 20 Phrasal Verbs Paling Umum:
- Get up (bangun)
- Wake up (bangun tidur)
- Go out (keluar)
- Come back (kembali)
- Look for (mencari)
- Look after (merawat)
- Look forward to (menantikan)
- Give up (menyerah)
- Find out (mengetahui)
- Figure out (memahami)
- Turn on/off (nyalakan/matikan)
- Put on/off (pakai/tunda)
- Take off (lepas/lepas landas)
- Pick up (jemput/angkat)
- Hang out (nongkrong)
- Break up (putus)
- Make up (berbaikan)
- Get along with (akur dengan)
- Run out of (kehabisan)
- Deal with (menangani)