๐ฏ Apa itu Confusing Words?
Confusing Words (kata-kata yang membingungkan) adalah pasangan atau kelompok kata dalam bahasa Inggris yang mirip tapi memiliki arti atau penggunaan berbeda. Kata-kata ini sering tertukar karena:
- โ Artinya mirip dalam bahasa Indonesia
- โ Ejaannya hampir sama
- โ Pengucapannya mirip
- โ Fungsinya berbeda (verb, noun, adjective)
๐ก Contoh Kesalahan Fatal:
โ "Can I borrow you my book?" (SALAH!)
โ "Can I lend you my book?" (BENAR)
Borrow = pinjam (dari orang lain). Lend = pinjamkan (ke orang lain).
Pasangan Kata
Praktis
Contoh Kalimat
1. Borrow vs Lend vs Loan
BORROW
Verb (kata kerja)
= Pinjam (dari orang lain ke saya)
I borrow FROM someone
โ Can I borrow your pen?
โ I borrowed this book from the library.
โ She borrows money from her parents.
LEND
Verb (kata kerja)
= Pinjamkan (dari saya ke orang lain)
I lend TO someone
โ Can I lend you my pen?
โ The bank lent me $10,000.
โ He never lends his car to anyone.
LOAN
Noun (kata benda)
= Pinjaman (benda yang dipinjam)
A loan (noun)
โ I took out a loan from the bank.
โ He has a student loan.
โ The loan must be repaid in 5 years.
๐ก Cara Mengingat:
BORROW = Saya yang butuh (B = Butuh)
LEND = Saya yang kasih (L = Lempar/kasih)
โ Kesalahan Umum:
โ "Can I borrow you my book?"
โ "Can I lend you my book?" atau "Can you lend me your book?"
2. See vs Look vs Watch
SEE
= Melihat (tidak sengaja, otomatis)
See + object (tanpa preposition)
โ I can see the mountain from here.
โ Did you see that accident?
โ I saw him at the mall yesterday.
๐ก Mata terbuka = otomatis see. Tidak perlu usaha.
LOOK
= Melihat (sengaja, fokus ke arah tertentu)
Look AT something
โ Look at this picture!
โ She's looking at her phone.
โ Don't look at me like that!
๐ก Sengaja arahkan mata ke sesuatu. Perlu usaha.
WATCH
= Menonton (melihat sesuatu yang bergerak)
Watch + object (tanpa preposition)
โ I'm watching TV.
โ Let's watch a movie tonight.
โ He's watching the football match.
๐ก Untuk sesuatu yang bergerak atau berlangsung.
| Situasi | Kata yang Tepat |
|---|---|
| Menonton film/TV | Watch a movie/TV |
| Melihat foto | Look at a photo |
| Bertemu seseorang | See someone |
| Menonton pertandingan | Watch a match |
| Melihat pemandangan | See the view |
3. Hear vs Listen
HEAR
= Mendengar (tidak sengaja, otomatis)
Hear + object (tanpa preposition)
โ I can hear music from next door.
โ Did you hear that noise?
โ I heard someone calling my name.
๐ก Telinga terbuka = otomatis hear. Tidak perlu usaha.
LISTEN
= Mendengarkan (sengaja, fokus)
Listen TO something
โ I'm listening to music.
โ Listen to me carefully!
โ She's listening to the radio.
๐ก Sengaja fokus mendengarkan. Perlu usaha.
๐ก Cara Mengingat:
HEAR = seperti SEE (otomatis, tidak sengaja)
LISTEN = seperti LOOK (sengaja, fokus) + TO
4. Say vs Tell vs Speak vs Talk
SAY
= Berkata (fokus pada kata-kata)
Say + words (tanpa object person)
โ He said "Hello".
โ She said that she was tired.
โ What did you say?
โ He said me... (SALAH!)
TELL
= Memberitahu (fokus pada orang)
Tell + person + information
โ He told me the truth.
โ She told him to go home.
โ Can you tell me your name?
โ He told that... (SALAH!)
SPEAK
= Berbicara (formal, bahasa)
Speak + language / Speak TO someone
โ I speak English and Indonesian.
โ Can I speak to the manager?
โ He's speaking at the conference.
TALK
= Berbicara (informal, percakapan)
Talk TO/WITH someone ABOUT something
โ I need to talk to you.
โ They're talking about the weather.
โ Let's talk later.
๐ Panduan Penggunaan:
- SAY: Fokus pada kata-kata yang diucapkan. "He said 'I love you'."
- TELL: Fokus pada orang yang diberi tahu. "He told me that he loves me."
- SPEAK: Formal, untuk bahasa atau presentasi. "I speak 3 languages."
- TALK: Informal, untuk percakapan. "Let's talk about it."
5. Bring vs Take vs Fetch
BRING
= Bawa ke sini (ke arah pembicara)
Bring something HERE
โ Please bring your book to class tomorrow.
โ Can you bring me some water?
โ I'll bring my guitar to the party.
๐ก Arah: โ KE SINI (ke tempat pembicara)
TAKE
= Bawa ke sana (dari pembicara)
Take something THERE
โ I'll take this book home.
โ Can you take this to your mom?
โ He took his laptop to the office.
๐ก Arah: KE SANA โ (dari tempat pembicara)
FETCH
= Ambil dan bawa kembali
Fetch = Go + Get + Bring back
โ Can you fetch my phone from upstairs?
โ The dog fetched the ball.
โ I'll fetch some coffee.
๐ก Pergi โ Ambil โ Bawa kembali
๐ฏ Visual Guide:
BRING: [Tempat lain] โ [Saya di sini] โ
TAKE: [Saya di sini] โ [Tempat lain] โ
FETCH: [Saya] โ [Tempat lain] โ [Kembali ke saya] โ
6. Come vs Go
COME
= Datang (ke arah pembicara)
Come HERE / Come TO me
โ Please come to my house tomorrow.
โ Come here!
โ Are you coming to the party?
๐ก Gerakan menuju pembicara atau tempat pembicara
GO
= Pergi (dari pembicara)
Go THERE / Go TO somewhere
โ I'm going to the mall.
โ Let's go home.
โ She went to Bali last week.
๐ก Gerakan menjauhi pembicara atau ke tempat lain
๐ก Cara Mengingat:
COME = seperti BRING (ke arah saya)
GO = seperti TAKE (dari saya ke tempat lain)
7. Lie vs Lay
LIE
= Berbaring (intransitive - tanpa object)
Lie (tidak perlu object)
lie โ lay โ lain
โ I need to lie down. (sekarang)
โ I lay on the bed yesterday. (kemarin)
โ I have lain here for hours. (sudah)
LAY
= Meletakkan (transitive - perlu object)
Lay + object
lay โ laid โ laid
โ Please lay the book on the table. (sekarang)
โ She laid the baby in the crib. (kemarin)
โ I have laid the cards on the table. (sudah)
โ ๏ธ Perhatian!
Ini adalah pasangan kata PALING MEMBINGUNGKAN karena:
- "Lay" adalah V2 dari "lie" DAN V1 dari "lay"
- Lie = berbaring (tanpa object)
- Lay = meletakkan (perlu object)
| Kata | V1 (Present) | V2 (Past) | V3 (Past Participle) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lie (berbaring) | lie | lay | lain |
| Lay (meletakkan) | lay | laid | laid |
8. Rise vs Raise
RISE
= Naik/Terbit (intransitive - tanpa object)
Rise (tidak perlu object)
rise โ rose โ risen
โ The sun rises in the east.
โ Prices rose last year.
โ The temperature has risen.
๐ก Sesuatu naik sendiri (tidak ada yang mengangkat)
RAISE
= Mengangkat/Menaikkan (transitive - perlu object)
Raise + object
raise โ raised โ raised
โ Please raise your hand.
โ They raised the flag.
โ The company has raised salaries.
๐ก Seseorang mengangkat sesuatu (ada yang mengangkat)
๐ก Cara Mengingat:
RISE = seperti LIE (tanpa object, irregular verb)
RAISE = seperti LAY (perlu object, regular verb)
9. Sit vs Seat
SIT
= Duduk (intransitive - tanpa object)
Sit (tidak perlu object)
sit โ sat โ sat
โ Please sit down.
โ I sat on the chair.
โ She has sat there for hours.
SEAT
= Mendudukkan (transitive - perlu object)
Seat + object
seat โ seated โ seated
โ The waiter seated us at a table.
โ Please be seated. (formal)
โ The hall can seat 500 people.
Note: "Seat" sebagai noun = kursi/tempat duduk
โ This is my seat. (Ini kursi saya.)
10. Make vs Do
MAKE
= Membuat/Menghasilkan sesuatu
Common Collocations:
- make a decision (membuat keputusan)
- make a mistake (membuat kesalahan)
- make money (menghasilkan uang)
- make a plan (membuat rencana)
- make breakfast/lunch/dinner
- make a phone call
- make friends
- make progress
DO
= Melakukan aktivitas/pekerjaan
Common Collocations:
- do homework (mengerjakan PR)
- do housework (mengerjakan pekerjaan rumah)
- do business (berbisnis)
- do exercise (berolahraga)
- do your best (melakukan yang terbaik)
- do the dishes (mencuci piring)
- do laundry (mencuci baju)
- do research (melakukan riset)
๐ Aturan Umum:
MAKE: Dipakai ketika kamu menciptakan/menghasilkan sesuatu yang baru
DO: Dipakai untuk aktivitas/pekerjaan yang tidak menghasilkan objek fisik
11. Learn vs Teach
LEARN
= Belajar (menerima pengetahuan)
I learn FROM someone
โ I'm learning English.
โ She learned to drive last year.
โ We learn from our mistakes.
TEACH
= Mengajar (memberi pengetahuan)
I teach someone / I teach something
โ She teaches English.
โ Can you teach me how to cook?
โ He taught me to play guitar.
โ Kesalahan Umum:
โ "My teacher learns me English."
โ "My teacher teaches me English."
12. Remember vs Remind
REMEMBER
= Ingat (sendiri, tanpa bantuan)
I remember something
โ I remember your name.
โ Do you remember me?
โ I can't remember where I put my keys.
REMIND
= Mengingatkan (orang lain)
I remind someone TO do / OF something
โ Please remind me to call her.
โ This song reminds me of my childhood.
โ Can you remind him about the meeting?
๐ก Cara Mengingat:
REMEMBER: Saya ingat sendiri (dalam otak saya)
REMIND: Saya mengingatkan orang lain (keluar dari otak saya)
13. Affect vs Effect
AFFECT
Verb (kata kerja)
= Mempengaruhi
โ Smoking affects your health.
โ The weather affected our plans.
โ This will affect the results.
EFFECT
Noun (kata benda)
= Efek/Pengaruh (hasil)
โ Smoking has bad effects on health.
โ The effect of the medicine was immediate.
โ What are the side effects?
๐ก Cara Mengingat:
AFFECT = Action (verb) - A for Action
EFFECT = End result (noun) - E for End
14. Accept vs Except
ACCEPT
Verb (kata kerja)
= Menerima
โ I accept your apology.
โ She accepted the job offer.
โ Do you accept credit cards?
EXCEPT
Preposition (kata depan)
= Kecuali
โ Everyone came except John.
โ I like all fruits except durian.
โ The shop is open every day except Sunday.
15. Advice vs Advise
ADVICE
Noun (kata benda)
= Nasihat
Pronunciation: /ษdหvaษชs/ (s seperti "s" di "bus")
โ Can you give me some advice?
โ That's good advice.
โ I need your advice.
ADVISE
Verb (kata kerja)
= Menasihati
Pronunciation: /ษdหvaษชz/ (s seperti "z" di "buzz")
โ I advise you to study hard.
โ The doctor advised me to rest.
โ What do you advise?
๐ก Cara Mengingat:
ADVICE = Noun (seperti ice - benda)
ADVISE = Verb (seperti rise - aksi)
16. Lose vs Loose
LOSE
Verb (kata kerja)
= Kalah/Kehilangan
Pronunciation: /luหz/ (seperti "lus")
โ I don't want to lose this game.
โ I lost my wallet.
โ She's trying to lose weight.
LOOSE
Adjective (kata sifat)
= Longgar
Pronunciation: /luหs/ (seperti "lus")
โ These pants are too loose.
โ The screw is loose.
โ My tooth is loose.
๐ก Cara Mengingat:
LOSE: 1 "o" = kehilangan 1 huruf
LOOSE: 2 "o" = longgar (ada ruang ekstra)
17. Its vs It's
ITS
Possessive (kepemilikan)
= Miliknya (tanpa apostrophe)
โ The dog wagged its tail.
โ The company changed its policy.
โ The book has lost its cover.
IT'S
Contraction (singkatan)
= It is atau It has
โ It's raining. (It is raining)
โ It's been a long day. (It has been)
โ It's a beautiful day. (It is)
๐งช Test Trick:
Coba ganti dengan "it is" atau "it has". Kalau masuk akal, pakai it's. Kalau tidak, pakai its.
18. Your vs You're
YOUR
Possessive (kepemilikan)
= Milikmu (tanpa apostrophe)
โ What's your name?
โ Is this your book?
โ I like your shirt.
YOU'RE
Contraction (singkatan)
= You are
โ You're welcome. (You are welcome)
โ You're my best friend. (You are)
โ You're late! (You are late)
๐งช Test Trick:
Coba ganti dengan "you are". Kalau masuk akal, pakai you're. Kalau tidak, pakai your.
19. Their vs There vs They're
THEIR
Possessive (kepemilikan)
= Milik mereka
โ Their house is big.
โ I like their idea.
โ Their car is red.
THERE
Adverb (kata keterangan tempat)
= Di sana
โ Put it there.
โ There is a cat.
โ I'll meet you there.
THEY'RE
Contraction (singkatan)
= They are
โ They're coming. (They are)
โ They're my friends. (They are)
โ They're late. (They are)
๐งช Test Trick:
- THEIR: Ganti dengan "his/her". Kalau masuk akal, pakai their.
- THERE: Ganti dengan "here". Kalau masuk akal, pakai there.
- THEY'RE: Ganti dengan "they are". Kalau masuk akal, pakai they're.
20. Than vs Then
THAN
Conjunction (kata hubung)
= Daripada (untuk perbandingan)
โ She is taller than me.
โ I like coffee more than tea.
โ This is better than that.
THEN
Adverb (kata keterangan waktu)
= Kemudian/Lalu (urutan waktu)
โ First eat, then sleep.
โ I was young back then.
โ If you're tired, then rest.
๐ก Cara Mengingat:
THAN: Comparison (perbandingan) - "a" for "against"
THEN: Time (waktu) - "e" for "event"
๐ Ringkasan Confusing Words
Verb Pairs (Perlu Object vs Tidak)
- Lie (berbaring) vs Lay (meletakkan)
- Rise (naik) vs Raise (mengangkat)
- Sit (duduk) vs Seat (mendudukkan)
Direction Words
- Bring (ke sini) vs Take (ke sana)
- Come (datang) vs Go (pergi)
- Borrow (pinjam) vs Lend (pinjamkan)
Sense Verbs
- See (otomatis) vs Look (sengaja) vs Watch (bergerak)
- Hear (otomatis) vs Listen (sengaja)
Noun vs Verb
- Advice (noun) vs Advise (verb)
- Effect (noun) vs Affect (verb)
Possessive vs Contraction
- Its (miliknya) vs It's (it is)
- Your (milikmu) vs You're (you are)
- Their (milik mereka) vs They're (they are)
Communication Verbs
- Say (kata-kata) vs Tell (orang)
- Speak (formal) vs Talk (informal)
๐ก Tips Menguasai Confusing Words:
- โ Hafalkan pasangan kata yang sering tertukar
- โ Perhatikan apakah kata tersebut noun atau verb
- โ Gunakan memory tricks untuk mengingat perbedaan
- โ Latihan membuat kalimat dengan kedua kata
- โ Baca dan dengarkan native speakers untuk melihat penggunaan natural